CONTENTS
REASSURANCES ............................................................................................ i
ACKNOWLEGEMENTS ................................................................................ ii
CONTENTS .................................................................................................... iii
LIST OF ACRONYMS ................................................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... vii
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... ix
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... x
Chapter I INTRODUCTION............................................................................ 1
1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Objectives and requirements .............................................................. 2
1.2.1. Objectives........................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Requirements ..................................................................................... 2
1.3. Research scope ................................................................................... 3
1.4. New contributions, the scientific or practical significance of the
topic .................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1. New contributions of the topic ........................................................... 3
1.4.2. The scientific or practical significance of the topic ........................... 3
Chapter II LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................... 4
2.1. Overview of the aquaponics system .................................................. 4
2.1.1. The definition of aquaponics system ................................................. 4
2.1.2. Several popular aquaponics systems in the world ............................. 9
2.2. Vertical aquaponics system ............................................................. 10
2.2.1. Vertical farming ............................................................................... 10
2.2.2. Vertical aquaponics .......................................................................... 11
2.3. Introduction to the water spinach, loose leaf lettuce and leaf
mustard ............................................................................................. 13
iv
2.3.1. Water spinach ................................................................................... 13
2.3.2. Loose Leaf lettuce ............................................................................ 15
2.3.3. Leaf mustard .................................................................................... 17
2.4. Organic nutrient solution is extracted from animal and plant
materials ........................................................................................... 18
2.4.1. Nutritional supplements for aquaponics .......................................... 18
2.4.2. Extraction process ............................................................................ 19
2.4.3. The effectiveness of organics nutrient solution ............................... 19
2.5. Some research articles on aquaponics system ................................. 20
Chapter III MATERIAL AND METHOD..................................................... 24
3.1. Object and Material .......................................................................... 24
3.1.1. Object ............................................................................................... 24
3.2. Place and time .................................................................................. 25
3.3. Research contents ............................................................................. 25
3.4. Methods ............................................................................................ 26
3.4.1. Research methods. ........................................................................... 26
3.4.2. Technical application ....................................................................... 27
3.5. Characteristics .................................................................................. 27
3.6. Data analysis .................................................................................... 28
Chapter IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ................................................. 29
4.1. Results of environmental factors during the research period .......... 29
4.1.1. The pH .............................................................................................. 29
4.1.2. TDS concentrations .......................................................................... 30
4.2. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
growth characteristics and physiologic characteristics of water
spinach. ............................................................................................ 31
4.2.1. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
growth characteristics of water spinach. .......................................... 31
v
4.2.2. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
SPAD index, Brix value and leaf area of water spinach. ................ 36
4.2.3. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
the yield of water spinach. ............................................................... 38
4.3. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
growth characteristics and physiologic characteristics of loose
leaf lettuce. ....................................................................................... 39
4.3.1. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
growth characteristics of loose leaf lettuce. ..................................... 39
4.3.2. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
SPAD index, Brix value and leaf area of loose leaf lettuce.. .......... 43
4.3.3. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
the yield of loose leaf lettuce. .......................................................... 45
4.4. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
growth characteristics and physiologic characteristics of leaf
mustard. ............................................................................................ 46
4.4.1. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
growth characteristics of leaf mustard. ............................................ 46
4.4.2. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
SPAD index, Brix value and leaf area of leaf mustard. ................... 49
4.4.3. Effect of organic extracted nutrient solution concentration on
the yield of leaf mustard. ................................................................. 52
4.5. Revenues and profits of the aquaponics system .............................. 53
Chapter V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ................................... 56
5.1. Conclusions ...................................................................................... 56
5.2 Suggestions ...................................................................................... 57
REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 58